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♪ Terrible Tudors
Gorgeous Georgians

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♪ Slimy Stuarts, vile Victorians
Woeful wars, ferocious fights

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♪ Dingy castles, daring knights

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♪ Horrors that defy description
Cut-throat Celts, awful Egyptians

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♪ Vicious Vikings, cruel crimes
Punishment from ancient times

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♪ Romans, rotten, rank and ruthless
Cavemen, savage, fearsome, toothless

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♪ Groovy Greeks, brainy sages
Mean and measly Middle Ages

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♪ Gory, ghastly, mean and cruel

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♪ Stuff they don't teach you
at school

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♪ The past is no longer a mystery

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♪ Welcome to Horrible Histories. ♪

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Horrible Histories presents...

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In 1948, the British government
invited

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hundreds of us black men
and women from the Caribbean

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to come and work in the UK.

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We famously sailed over in a ship
called the Empire Windrush.

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Although some people might think
we were the first black people

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to come here, there have actually
been people of African descent

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living in this country
for thousands of years.

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In fact, back in ancient Rome,

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soldiers were sent all the way from
warm north Africa

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to protect the very chilly
north of England.

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Are you a Roman subject from
one of the north African provinces?

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Are you tired of the c-c-constant
Mediterranean sunshine?

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Then join me in the Aurelian Moors
here at Hadrian's Wall.

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I can't feel my hands.

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You'll be part of
this glorious unit,

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and all you have to do
is guard this wall

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against the C-C-Caledonians
on the other side.

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CLANK

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Can you not do that?!

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MAN IN DISTANCE: Oh, sorry, pal!

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Just let us know when you're ready
to be skewered, OK?

34
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Thank you.

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Actually, do you have a j-j-jumper
I can borrow?

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I'm not really used to the cold.

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CLANK

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Ta!

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You'll have the time of your life
here in northern England,

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learning about new things like...

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..rain.

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Y-You may think you've seen rain,

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but you haven't. Not like this.

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Join us - the Aurelian Moors.

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THUNDER CRACKS

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MAN IN DISTANCE: Oh, do you want
another jumper now?

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Over the centuries, many black
people have helped make

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modern Britain the country
we live in today.

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In Saxon times, there was a
north African monk called Hadrian,

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who helped to grow
Christianity in England.

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Hadrian came over
when his mate Theodore

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was made Archbishop of Canterbury.

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But Hadrian could've had the job
himself.

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Check it out, Hadrian -
Canterbury Cathedral.

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It's got the big windows
and the carvings

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and the big chair
with the...cushions.

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This is an impressive room,
Theodore.

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And it's all mine, baby,
thanks to the Pope.

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Oh, this was so worth the wait.

60
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Yeah, although did we really have to
wait four months in Italy

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for your hair to grow before coming?

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Worth every day. This bangs. Well...

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What does it do?
It bangs, Your Excellency.

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It bangs, he knows.

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Oh, Archbishop of Canterbury -
top job in the English Church.

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All this, and the Pope Italian
chose me. Number one on his list.

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Well... Don't do it.
It's just, you weren't really first.

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He did ask me to do the job,
but I said,

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"No, Your Holiness, I'm happy
about being an abbot in Naples."

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"The man you want is Theodore."
Well, yeah, thank you.

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But anyway, I'm still top two.
Well, I really should mention...

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No, you shouldn't mention.
There's no need to mention.

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There was that monk called Andrew
that I recommended first,

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and he said no because
he was too old.

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I wasn't even the first person
you recommended?

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But I... Well, I-I was one of
the first three people that...

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Well... Oh!

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The Pope did ask me a second time
before asking you.

79
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OK, so he asked three people
before me. I'm OK with it.

80
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That we know about. I'm top five?

81
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I think top ten might be safer. Oh!

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Did you turn it down, too?

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I'd rather not say.

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Carvings are very nice.

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CHURCH BELL RINGS

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By Tudor times, many black people
had come to England,

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like me, Catalina of Motril,

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servant to Her Majesty, the Queen
of England, Catherine of Aragon.

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My mistress expects nothing
but the best linens and silks,

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and the best service.

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So being one of her personal maids
is an extremely important job.

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But what did we have to do?
Did we...

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The answer is A.
FARTING AND SPLASHING

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CATHERINE OF ARAGON: Catalina,
I'm ready!

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And B.
FARTING CONTINUES

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I'd really rather not talk
about the dog.

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LOUD FART

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I don't even know if that was
the dog or her.

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Some black Tudors had great jobs,
though,

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like expert diver Jacques Francis,

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who was so highly skilled he was
employed to help King Henry himself.

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CATHERINE OF ARAGON: And I've lost
my rubber ducky! Come and find it.

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I am one of the top
west African divers.

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I can nip down to the harbour floor
and be back in a moment.

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What are you looking for?
Oh, you know, a few coins,

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some trinkets and 76 cannons.

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I'm sorry, did you say cannons?

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The smaller stuff is great,
but our employer...

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Whoa! ..Henry VIII, is going to
want those cannons sooner or later.

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See, I'm mostly trained to dive
for little things like pearls.

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Well, you're lucky I'm not asking
you to raise the whole ship, no?

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Whoa. The King's flagship,
the Mary Rose,

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she sank here off the coast
of Portsmouth.

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They already tried and failed
to raise the ship.

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Now the King just wants
all his cool stuff back.

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How am I supposed to lift a cannon?

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Er, you're the expert.

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Whoa!

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Whoo! That wasn't easy.
Only 75 more to go.

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Oh! And while you're down there, see
if there's any other valuable stuff.

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I can sell it, and the King
need never know.

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Ah, Corsi, there you are!
Oh, hello, Your Majesty.

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Ha! Yo, what's up? Pretty
psyched about the whole boat thing.

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Your Majesty...
Whoa! A talking fish.

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What? I'm not a fish.

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Yeah, you must be.
I just saw you swimming.

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People don't swim.
If God had meant us to swim,

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he'd have given us flippers,
or oars, or sails, or fins.

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I know it's unusual here in England.

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But where I'm from, west Africa,
swimming is quite common.

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I can swim right to the bottom
of the sea.

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Oh, ho, ho, ho! Whoa! Man who swims!

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Yes, Your Majesty. Anyway,
I should really get back to work,

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because he wanted me to find
some stuff he could sell

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without you knowing.

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Actually, that reminds me.

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Some people were looking for you.

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Something about someone
selling someone else's things

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from a shipwreck or something.

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I wasn't really listening,
to be honest.

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Swim for it!

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Rod! Thank you, Rodney.

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Argh, argh!

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Francis. Your Majesty.

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Do I have the bod for swimming?

146
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Huh? Yeah, I thought so.

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By Tudor times, we were living
and working in England

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at many levels of society.

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But I'm afraid it was also the start
of one of the most shameful periods

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in British history.

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The English began to get involved
with the slave trade,

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and even Elizabeth I was encouraged
to take part by a sea captain

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called John Hawkins.

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Will you be pitching a new venture
to the Queen today, Captain John?

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Why, yes, Tudor servant person.

156
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I have a most wonderful business
opportunity

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that Her Maj would be crazy
to pass up on.

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You want to do a run-through
with me before you go in?

159
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Erm...sure. Er, a little practice
can't hurt, can it?

160
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So, my merchant ships will travel
between these three points

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in a sort of triangle formation,
making a profit at each stop.

162
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It's a win, win, win...lose.

163
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Erm, sorry. Did you just say "lose"?

164
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Yes. Anyway, we'll start off taking
fun stuff like pearls,

165
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ginger and sugar
from the new world here.

166
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Oh, that's wonderful.
Her Majesty just loves sugar.

167
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I know. And then we'll bring them
here to Britain.

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And then we take metal, gunpowder
and guns from here in Britain

169
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and sell them in Africa here.

170
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And on the final leg from Africa
to the New World,

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we make a huge profit selling...
HE CLEARS HIS THROAT

172
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S... Er, I was with you,
but I'm a bit lost now.

173
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What exactly are you picking up in
Africa? Oh, was...was...

174
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Wasn't I clear? Oh, I'm sorry.
In Africa we will be collecting...

175
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HE CLEARS HIS THROAT
..and selling them in the New World.

176
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You just did it again.
What are you getting in Africa?

177
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Erm...people.

178
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What?! So you want to capture
people, pack them in ships,

179
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take them across the Atlantic
in horrible conditions,

180
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then sell the ones that survive?
And their children.

181
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And their children?! To work without
pay in the New World

182
00:09:03,920 --> 00:09:07,520
for the rest of their lives?
Erm...yeah.

183
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I mean, when you put it like that,
it sounds quite horrible.

184
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Ugh, you're a tankard-half-full
kind of guy, aren't you?

185
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Her Majesty will not go for this.

186
00:09:15,920 --> 00:09:19,000
She's well-known for being against
the idea of forced enslavement.

187
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What you are suggesting is both
evil and reprehensible.

188
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Thank heavens our ruler is one
of sound moral compass.

189
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She stands to make £10,000
from each trip we make.

190
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She's going to go for it, isn't she?

191
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Hm, methinks yes.
DOOR OPENS

192
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FROM BEHIND DOOR: Oh, John!
Nice to see you.

193
00:09:35,440 --> 00:09:37,120
Your Majesty!

194
00:09:37,120 --> 00:09:40,120
The misery people will inflict
for money.

195
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And that misery continued
for hundreds of years,

196
00:09:43,240 --> 00:09:47,120
with millions of people being taken
from their homes in Africa.

197
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But some people thought it was
terrible to treat human beings

198
00:09:49,840 --> 00:09:52,760
like property.
And by the late 18th century,

199
00:09:52,760 --> 00:09:56,480
there was a growing campaign
against slavery.

200
00:09:56,480 --> 00:09:59,400
A number of MPs
led by William Wilberforce

201
00:09:59,400 --> 00:10:01,600
worked to stop
this dreadful practice.

202
00:10:01,600 --> 00:10:04,800
And outside Parliament,
campaigners included a group

203
00:10:04,800 --> 00:10:09,400
of brilliant black political writers
known as the Sons of Africa.

204
00:10:11,080 --> 00:10:16,160
♪ We are not putting down our pens
We are not putting down our pens

205
00:10:16,160 --> 00:10:19,480
♪ We're the same as the white guys
We're smart, dapper and baptised

206
00:10:19,480 --> 00:10:21,360
♪ And we're not putting down
our pens

207
00:10:21,360 --> 00:10:23,760
♪ Imma send a letter
to the Prince of Wales

208
00:10:23,760 --> 00:10:26,680
♪ I could shout or punch
but I prefer to use Royal Mail

209
00:10:26,680 --> 00:10:29,240
♪ The trouble is
I write a lot of words to no avail

210
00:10:29,240 --> 00:10:31,920
♪ Gain supporters, get press
And every night a boat sails

211
00:10:31,920 --> 00:10:34,920
♪ I'm a black guy in Britain
A free man, once a slave

212
00:10:34,920 --> 00:10:37,840
♪ Hope my actions form a pave
My book, man, it's a fave

213
00:10:37,840 --> 00:10:40,280
♪ Got power in my pen
and my speech won't falter

214
00:10:40,280 --> 00:10:42,440
♪ We Sons of Africa get bolder

215
00:10:42,440 --> 00:10:44,760
♪ I shouldered that I was kidnapped
Sold to bondage

216
00:10:44,760 --> 00:10:46,720
♪ The empire's hostage
I built upon my knowledge

217
00:10:46,720 --> 00:10:48,280
♪ Not been easy if I'm honest

218
00:10:48,280 --> 00:10:50,600
♪ The plan - make abolition cool
among the dames

219
00:10:50,600 --> 00:10:53,040
♪ A lot of letters floating round
So let me spell out my name

220
00:10:53,040 --> 00:10:54,080
♪ I'm the...

221
00:10:56,720 --> 00:10:58,440
♪ No, we're not meant to be

222
00:10:58,440 --> 00:11:01,160
♪ A group of brothers kept
from opportunities

223
00:11:01,160 --> 00:11:03,920
♪ Meanwhile, Britain keeps
stealing us endlessly

224
00:11:03,920 --> 00:11:09,120
♪ Yo, slavers, we're fighting back
Yo, slavers, we're fighting back

225
00:11:09,120 --> 00:11:11,960
♪ You're so behind with the times
Your actions will be crimes

226
00:11:11,960 --> 00:11:14,480
♪ Yo, slavers, we're fighting back

227
00:11:17,520 --> 00:11:19,160
♪ They can't go

228
00:11:19,160 --> 00:11:20,960
♪ Don't you see?

229
00:11:20,960 --> 00:11:24,760
♪ I'd have less money
if the slaves were free

230
00:11:24,760 --> 00:11:28,400
♪ Tell them, "No, we'd have to pay"

231
00:11:28,400 --> 00:11:33,640
♪ We must not let our conscience
get in the way

232
00:11:33,640 --> 00:11:35,920
♪ Nah-da-da-da-da

233
00:11:35,920 --> 00:11:38,920
♪ Hey! Da-dee-da-dee-da-dee-da-da

234
00:11:40,000 --> 00:11:43,640
♪ Writer and barber, I lead Sons of
Africa and schmooze in the parlour

235
00:11:43,640 --> 00:11:46,680
♪ We make the economic case
to abolish the slave trade

236
00:11:46,680 --> 00:11:49,280
♪ Stop the ships now
Then we all get paid

237
00:11:49,280 --> 00:11:51,680
♪ Cruelly, they make us work
for free

238
00:11:51,680 --> 00:11:54,360
♪ And we're banned
from taking part in democracy

239
00:11:54,360 --> 00:11:56,760
♪ They ain't gonna let
kids of Africa just be

240
00:11:56,760 --> 00:12:00,360
♪ So we write letters to stop ships
going out to sea

241
00:12:00,360 --> 00:12:02,760
♪ Geniuses, keep up the writing

242
00:12:02,760 --> 00:12:05,040
♪ Maintain the pressure in the law
We'll keep fighting

243
00:12:05,040 --> 00:12:06,760
♪ Are you not a man and a brother?

244
00:12:06,760 --> 00:12:08,280
♪ We'll get the votes we need

245
00:12:08,280 --> 00:12:10,120
♪ If not this time then another

246
00:12:10,120 --> 00:12:15,280
♪ We are the Sons of Africa

247
00:12:15,280 --> 00:12:18,280
♪ You can't deny our lives matter
The slave trade we will shatter

248
00:12:18,280 --> 00:12:20,760
♪ We're the Sons of Africa

249
00:12:20,760 --> 00:12:25,360
♪ We are the Sons of Africa

250
00:12:25,360 --> 00:12:28,600
♪ You can't deny our lives matter
The slave trade we will shatter

251
00:12:28,600 --> 00:12:30,640
♪ We're the... ♪

252
00:12:32,960 --> 00:12:36,080
Thanks to dedicated people like
the Sons of Africa and Wilberforce,

253
00:12:36,080 --> 00:12:40,040
in 1796, Parliament finally decided
to call for a vote

254
00:12:40,040 --> 00:12:42,000
on ending the slave trade.

255
00:12:42,000 --> 00:12:45,160
But some MPs had more important
things to do.

256
00:12:49,640 --> 00:12:51,960
Thomas, fancy seeing you here.

257
00:12:51,960 --> 00:12:54,560
A production of The Two Hunchbacks.
I wouldn't miss it.

258
00:12:54,560 --> 00:12:57,120
I love opera. Oh, me too.

259
00:12:57,120 --> 00:12:58,760
Love a bit of opera!

260
00:12:58,760 --> 00:13:00,680
But I thought you'd be
at Parliament,

261
00:13:00,680 --> 00:13:03,680
the important anti-slavery vote.
Yeah, well, you're not there either.

262
00:13:03,680 --> 00:13:05,720
Besides, I'm not going to miss
The Two Hunchbacks

263
00:13:05,720 --> 00:13:07,640
just to end slavery
in the British Empire.

264
00:13:07,640 --> 00:13:10,440
We'll have plenty of votes
without the two of us. Four.

265
00:13:10,440 --> 00:13:12,600
There's George and Simon
in the box opposite.

266
00:13:12,600 --> 00:13:15,040
Yeah, well, they're still only
missing four votes.

267
00:13:15,040 --> 00:13:17,080
This night will be famous
as the night

268
00:13:17,080 --> 00:13:19,840
that the slave trade was ended
in Britain for good.

269
00:13:19,840 --> 00:13:23,360
And for a jolly good production
of The Two Hunchbacks.

270
00:13:23,360 --> 00:13:26,560
You don't think they might lose
the vote without us?

271
00:13:26,560 --> 00:13:30,080
No! Every MP with a conscience
will be there.

272
00:13:30,080 --> 00:13:32,720
There'll be, erm, Toby.
Oh, there's Toby.

273
00:13:32,720 --> 00:13:36,200
Yeah, well, Stephen, Bartholomew.
Over there.

274
00:13:36,200 --> 00:13:37,840
Barty! Stevo!

275
00:13:37,840 --> 00:13:39,000
FROM BELOW: What up?!

276
00:13:39,000 --> 00:13:40,800
Well, Peter, Alexander, Jacob, John?

277
00:13:40,800 --> 00:13:43,360
Yeah, they're all here, too.

278
00:13:43,360 --> 00:13:45,080
Do you think we need to go and vote?

279
00:13:46,120 --> 00:13:47,840
Hm...

280
00:13:47,840 --> 00:13:49,920
Ending slavery...

281
00:13:49,920 --> 00:13:52,960
Tickets to The Two Hunchbacks...

282
00:13:52,960 --> 00:13:54,520
They'll probably win without us.

283
00:13:54,520 --> 00:13:56,560
MAN: We lost the vote 74-70.

284
00:13:56,560 --> 00:13:59,720
The slave trade is still legal
in the British Empire.

285
00:13:59,720 --> 00:14:02,440
Yeah, well, there'll be another
vote soon.

286
00:14:05,560 --> 00:14:08,760
Oh, dear. Wilberforce won't be
happy. We'll need to cheer him up.

287
00:14:09,960 --> 00:14:12,240
Tickets to the opera. Great idea!

288
00:14:14,760 --> 00:14:16,880
I am Olaudah Equiano.

289
00:14:16,880 --> 00:14:20,840
I was kidnapped and enslaved
in Africa, taken to Barbados,

290
00:14:20,840 --> 00:14:24,120
then to America, then England,
then the West Indies.

291
00:14:24,120 --> 00:14:28,560
Then finally, in 1766,
I was able to buy my own freedom

292
00:14:28,560 --> 00:14:30,600
with the money I managed to earn.

293
00:14:30,600 --> 00:14:32,160
I became a sailor,

294
00:14:32,160 --> 00:14:33,520
a traveller,

295
00:14:33,520 --> 00:14:35,800
hairdresser and an activist.

296
00:14:35,800 --> 00:14:38,840
My autobiography was a huge success.

297
00:14:38,840 --> 00:14:41,600
I became a free man in 1766,

298
00:14:41,600 --> 00:14:45,240
but the trading of slaves
continued until 1807,

299
00:14:45,240 --> 00:14:47,880
and the slaves themselves weren't
freed in the British Empire

300
00:14:47,880 --> 00:14:50,640
until 1833.

301
00:14:50,640 --> 00:14:54,120
So tell me - what happened
to the slave owners

302
00:14:54,120 --> 00:14:57,080
when the slaves were freed?
Were they...

303
00:15:09,000 --> 00:15:13,080
The answer's C! In total,
the owners were given £20 million,

304
00:15:13,080 --> 00:15:17,120
because the enslaved people were
considered the owners' property.

305
00:15:17,120 --> 00:15:22,040
And guess how much the newly freed
800,000 ex-slaves got?

306
00:15:22,040 --> 00:15:23,440
Nothing.

307
00:15:23,440 --> 00:15:27,000
I mean, I know freedom is priceless,
but come on!

308
00:15:28,920 --> 00:15:31,480
Even though the slave trade
was outlawed in Britain

309
00:15:31,480 --> 00:15:34,120
and things were starting to improve
for us,

310
00:15:34,120 --> 00:15:36,520
over in America, slavery continued.

311
00:15:36,520 --> 00:15:39,840
It's no wonder many black Americans
found it easier to make their mark

312
00:15:39,840 --> 00:15:41,240
here in Britain.

313
00:15:46,240 --> 00:15:48,920
Britain's first black boxing
superstar!

314
00:15:48,920 --> 00:15:51,560
I was born into slavery,
but I fought my way out!

315
00:15:51,560 --> 00:15:54,000
He escaped America for the UK.

316
00:15:54,000 --> 00:15:56,960
He is Bill Richmond!

317
00:16:02,240 --> 00:16:06,920
King George IV hired me
to be a doorman at his coronation.

318
00:16:06,920 --> 00:16:09,920
I don't care if you are the Queen.
This list says no.

319
00:16:09,920 --> 00:16:12,640
So this boxer...bouncer says
you are not going in

320
00:16:12,640 --> 00:16:15,000
to see your husband crowned.
Now off you go.

321
00:16:15,000 --> 00:16:16,720
Next!

322
00:16:16,720 --> 00:16:18,960
I am the pugilist with
the flying fist.

323
00:16:21,600 --> 00:16:26,040
But don't ask me about my fight
against my big rival, Tom Cribb.

324
00:16:32,760 --> 00:16:37,040
Oh, actually, can I ask? What did
happen in your fight with Tom Cribb?

325
00:16:38,160 --> 00:16:40,240
Oh, right. I see.

326
00:16:41,600 --> 00:16:43,240
Ow!

327
00:16:46,520 --> 00:16:50,520
Hi, I'm Phillis Wheatley.
Welcome to the launch of my book -

328
00:16:50,520 --> 00:16:54,320
Poems On Various Subjects,
Religious And Moral.

329
00:16:54,320 --> 00:16:57,160
I'm in London, as people
didn't seem keen

330
00:16:57,160 --> 00:16:59,400
on publishing my book in America.

331
00:16:59,400 --> 00:17:01,760
Not at all angry about that.

332
00:17:01,760 --> 00:17:05,560
Poet Pete says,
"Did you really write the book?"

333
00:17:05,560 --> 00:17:08,480
OK, I know some of you have
a problem with the idea

334
00:17:08,480 --> 00:17:10,520
that a black woman
could write a book,

335
00:17:10,520 --> 00:17:13,080
because a black woman's never
had her poems published before.

336
00:17:13,080 --> 00:17:16,920
So let me be clear -
I wrote the poems myself.

337
00:17:16,920 --> 00:17:20,720
Cribbage Daemon asks -
"Who really wrote the book?"

338
00:17:20,720 --> 00:17:23,200
I just explained that. I wrote it.

339
00:17:23,200 --> 00:17:26,600
I and my work have been examined
by a panel of experts in America

340
00:17:26,600 --> 00:17:30,000
and it has been confirmed.
So can we please move on?

341
00:17:30,960 --> 00:17:33,440
Abolition says -
"I bet she didn't write it."

342
00:17:33,440 --> 00:17:36,000
I wrote it.
Black women can write poems.

343
00:17:36,000 --> 00:17:38,040
Deal with it!

344
00:17:38,040 --> 00:17:42,320
Monsieur Voltaire - blue tick.
The most famous French writer ever.

345
00:17:42,320 --> 00:17:44,560
I am honoured.

346
00:17:44,560 --> 00:17:47,280
"As a fellow writer..." Yes.

347
00:17:47,280 --> 00:17:50,640
"..I am enormously impressed
by your work."

348
00:17:50,640 --> 00:17:51,800
Thank you.

349
00:17:51,800 --> 00:17:54,560
"You are an example to us all."

350
00:17:54,560 --> 00:17:56,280
Stop it.

351
00:17:56,280 --> 00:18:00,600
"But some people were asking, is
it absolutely true that you wr..."

352
00:18:00,600 --> 00:18:03,680
I don't know why I bother.

353
00:18:03,680 --> 00:18:07,000
And another famous American who came
to Britain to make his name

354
00:18:07,000 --> 00:18:09,040
was Ira Aldridge.

355
00:18:09,040 --> 00:18:11,640
♪ I did so much way back when

356
00:18:11,640 --> 00:18:16,240
♪ Started acting in the States
But they didn't want men like me

357
00:18:16,240 --> 00:18:20,080
♪ Oh, no, except for slavery

358
00:18:20,080 --> 00:18:23,560
♪ So I travelled on a boat
across the Atlantic sea

359
00:18:23,560 --> 00:18:27,800
♪ Was 17 and the Brits
had no problem with me

360
00:18:27,800 --> 00:18:32,040
♪ Oh, no, their law said I was free

361
00:18:32,040 --> 00:18:35,440
♪ Acted in London, Liverpool
and Brighton

362
00:18:35,440 --> 00:18:39,000
♪ Edinburgh and London
Hull and London... ♪

363
00:18:39,000 --> 00:18:41,440
There were more theatres in London.

364
00:18:41,440 --> 00:18:45,000
♪ Oh, I did so much
Was on an acting spree

365
00:18:45,000 --> 00:18:49,080
♪ I toured the whole country
but I settled in Coventry

366
00:18:49,080 --> 00:18:53,320
♪ Oh, yes, they really liked me

367
00:18:53,320 --> 00:18:56,360
♪ My acting so impressed everyone

368
00:18:56,360 --> 00:18:59,560
♪ Round Coventry Theatre
aged only 21

369
00:18:59,560 --> 00:19:03,080
♪ Oh, I done so much
and not done dough

370
00:19:03,080 --> 00:19:07,120
♪ I went back on the stage
when I played Othello

371
00:19:07,120 --> 00:19:11,320
♪ Oh, yes, in the West End-o

372
00:19:11,320 --> 00:19:14,400
♪ But I did more than that
as a matter of fact

373
00:19:14,400 --> 00:19:17,640
♪ Campaigned passionately
against all slavery

374
00:19:17,640 --> 00:19:21,080
♪ Changed our society
for black people like me

375
00:19:21,080 --> 00:19:24,080
♪ And that wasn't easy. ♪

376
00:19:27,000 --> 00:19:29,400
Hello, there. I'm Ignatius Sancho,

377
00:19:29,400 --> 00:19:32,840
and despite being born on
a slave ship in 1729,

378
00:19:32,840 --> 00:19:34,920
I became the first black male writer

379
00:19:34,920 --> 00:19:37,080
to have my work published
in England.

380
00:19:37,080 --> 00:19:40,280
And as a landowner, I was the first
black Briton ever

381
00:19:40,280 --> 00:19:43,080
to be able to vote in a
British election.

382
00:19:43,080 --> 00:19:44,880
I'm awesome.

383
00:19:44,880 --> 00:19:49,000
So, why did I remove my clothes
in a London club?

384
00:19:49,000 --> 00:19:51,040
Was it...

385
00:20:00,400 --> 00:20:02,640
The answer is C.

386
00:20:02,640 --> 00:20:06,120
I lost them in a card game.
MAN: Come on, and the socks.

387
00:20:06,120 --> 00:20:09,920
I did a lot of great stuff. I just
had a bad night playing cards, OK?

388
00:20:09,920 --> 00:20:12,560
I said socks!
I'm doing it, Your Highness.

389
00:20:12,560 --> 00:20:14,600
There were many black celebrities
in Britain

390
00:20:14,600 --> 00:20:16,880
in the 18th and 19th centuries.

391
00:20:16,880 --> 00:20:20,680
But one of the most famous
was the nurse Mary Seacole,

392
00:20:20,680 --> 00:20:23,280
who risked her life
tending to wounded soldiers

393
00:20:23,280 --> 00:20:25,320
during the Crimean War.

394
00:20:29,840 --> 00:20:35,240
♪ Me name Mary Seacole
Famous nurse to the Crimean boys

395
00:20:35,240 --> 00:20:39,960
♪ No, me not Florence Nightingale
That mix up, me annoys

396
00:20:39,960 --> 00:20:44,800
♪ Me learned my skills in Jamaica
where my mother nursed the sick

397
00:20:44,800 --> 00:20:49,840
♪ And I think it's
my destiny, child, to be a war medic

398
00:20:49,840 --> 00:20:52,200
♪ If you need it
put a massive plaster upon it

399
00:20:52,200 --> 00:20:54,800
♪ If you're bleeding
shouldn't be disaster for it

400
00:20:54,800 --> 00:20:57,280
♪ If your leg broke
going to need a cast on it

401
00:20:57,280 --> 00:21:00,040
♪ If you're constipated
take oil of castor for it

402
00:21:00,040 --> 00:21:02,280
♪ Whoa, oh, oh
Whoa, oh, oh

403
00:21:02,280 --> 00:21:04,440
♪ Whoa, oh, oh, oh

404
00:21:04,440 --> 00:21:09,520
♪ Once here in Crimea
Me became a pioneer

405
00:21:09,520 --> 00:21:14,600
♪ Me carpenters engineered
a hotel at the new frontier

406
00:21:14,600 --> 00:21:17,240
♪ Set up on the front line in 1855

407
00:21:17,240 --> 00:21:19,520
♪ Independent woman
saving soldiers' lives... ♪

408
00:21:19,520 --> 00:21:21,920
Welcome to the British Hotel.

409
00:21:21,920 --> 00:21:24,800
♪ Me boarding house became the haunt

410
00:21:24,800 --> 00:21:27,120
♪ Of the great and good

411
00:21:27,120 --> 00:21:29,320
♪ Though it wasn't glamorous

412
00:21:29,320 --> 00:21:32,080
♪ It was built of old bits of wood

413
00:21:32,080 --> 00:21:34,360
♪ Supplied the troops
with kit and clothes

414
00:21:34,360 --> 00:21:37,040
♪ Served both the rich and poor

415
00:21:37,040 --> 00:21:39,160
♪ Me nursed right on the battlefield

416
00:21:39,160 --> 00:21:41,880
♪ While Florence worked
far from the war

417
00:21:41,880 --> 00:21:44,040
♪ I'm a fierce lady
Never fazed by it

418
00:21:44,040 --> 00:21:46,520
♪ Wrote a book and earned funds
raised by it

419
00:21:46,520 --> 00:21:48,960
♪ Me hotel
Men owe their lives to it

420
00:21:48,960 --> 00:21:51,800
♪ Going down in history
That's me prize for it. ♪

421
00:21:53,960 --> 00:21:58,120
Unfortunately, when Mary came back
from the Crimea, she was penniless.

422
00:21:58,120 --> 00:22:02,720
But she was loved by the soldiers,
and they insisted on trying to help.

423
00:22:02,720 --> 00:22:06,560
Mother Seacole, we know you've had
financial problems.

424
00:22:06,560 --> 00:22:08,840
This Seacole Fund Grand Military Festival

425
00:22:08,840 --> 00:22:11,600
is us saying thank you
for everything you did

426
00:22:11,600 --> 00:22:14,200
to nurse our soldiers
during the Crimean War.

427
00:22:14,200 --> 00:22:16,400
Thank you. I'm touched.

428
00:22:16,400 --> 00:22:19,560
Just one thing.
Would you mind if I organised it?

429
00:22:19,560 --> 00:22:22,600
Certainly not.
It's a benefit concert for you.

430
00:22:22,600 --> 00:22:26,560
Yes, but I see how you
organised things in the Crimea,

431
00:22:26,560 --> 00:22:29,120
and I'd rather everyone didn't die.

432
00:22:29,120 --> 00:22:33,240
Ha, nonsense. You put your feet up
and leave everything to us.

433
00:22:33,240 --> 00:22:37,480
OK. But this day you're talking
about... Ooh, not one day.

434
00:22:37,480 --> 00:22:41,120
It's a four-day festival,
and you get all the profits.

435
00:22:41,120 --> 00:22:46,080
A small event might be better.
A few thousand tickets, a band?

436
00:22:46,080 --> 00:22:48,920
Poppycock. We'll have
40,000 tickets,

437
00:22:48,920 --> 00:22:53,000
ten brass bands and nearly
a thousand performers.

438
00:22:53,000 --> 00:22:57,160
Oh, dear. It's going to be another
Crimea, isn't it?

439
00:22:57,160 --> 00:22:59,840
CROWD CHANTS: Mother Seacole,
Mother Seacole, Mother Seacole!

440
00:22:59,840 --> 00:23:04,000
Gentlemen, I must apologise
for doubting you.

441
00:23:04,000 --> 00:23:07,800
Oh, the generosity that you
and the people here have shown me

442
00:23:07,800 --> 00:23:12,120
is too much. I won't need to worry
about money ever again.

443
00:23:12,120 --> 00:23:14,400
Yeah...a bit optimistic.

444
00:23:14,400 --> 00:23:16,960
But 40,000 people paying as much as

445
00:23:16,960 --> 00:23:19,760
five shillings a ticket,
you must have made...

446
00:23:19,760 --> 00:23:23,800
228 quid. You could buy 15 horses
for that.

447
00:23:23,800 --> 00:23:27,920
15 horses?
How would I feed 15 horses?

448
00:23:27,920 --> 00:23:30,480
Oh, ooh, ooh! We could raise money
with another festival.

449
00:23:30,480 --> 00:23:33,360
But this time with added horses.

450
00:23:33,360 --> 00:23:36,920
I'm certainly grateful for the £228.

451
00:23:36,920 --> 00:23:42,240
Although, I am surprised we didn't
make more if 40,000 people came.

452
00:23:42,240 --> 00:23:45,480
How much did you make on
the sandwiches? Oh, sandwiches!

453
00:23:45,480 --> 00:23:48,040
I told you we should have done
sandwiches.

454
00:23:48,040 --> 00:23:51,680
And the souvenirs? Souvenirs!
All seems so obvious now.

455
00:23:51,680 --> 00:23:53,720
Badges? No. Hats? No.

456
00:23:53,720 --> 00:23:56,280
Posters? No.
Did you have a collection plate?

457
00:23:56,280 --> 00:23:59,000
Ooh...no. Look on the bright side.

458
00:23:59,000 --> 00:24:02,680
At least you had £228.
What do you mean, "had"?

459
00:24:02,680 --> 00:24:05,840
The venue just went bust
and they can't give us the money.

460
00:24:05,840 --> 00:24:07,760
I shouldn't be surprised.

461
00:24:07,760 --> 00:24:10,960
These are
the same geniuses that went to war

462
00:24:10,960 --> 00:24:13,960
without enough hospitals.

463
00:24:13,960 --> 00:24:16,960
Mary certainly earned her place
in the history books.

464
00:24:16,960 --> 00:24:21,120
And almost 100 years later,
when World War II broke out,

465
00:24:21,120 --> 00:24:24,360
we black men and women from Britain
and all around the world

466
00:24:24,360 --> 00:24:28,320
were once again ready to do our bit,
fighting the Nazis.

467
00:24:28,320 --> 00:24:31,320
One of the first black women to join
the British Armed Forces

468
00:24:31,320 --> 00:24:34,040
was Lilian Bader.

469
00:24:34,040 --> 00:24:38,160
I can scarcely believe it's true.
I'm married.

470
00:24:38,160 --> 00:24:41,600
Believe it, Lilian.
Or should I say Mrs Ramsay-Bader?

471
00:24:41,600 --> 00:24:45,560
Oh, Ramsay! I haven't exactly had
a straightforward life.

472
00:24:45,560 --> 00:24:48,000
Orphaned at nine...
AIR RAID SIREN WAILS

473
00:24:48,000 --> 00:24:50,160
Brought up by nuns in a convent.

474
00:24:50,160 --> 00:24:54,400
Darling, I think maybe we should...
No, darling, I must tell you this.

475
00:24:54,400 --> 00:24:58,720
When the Second World War broke out,
I left my career in domestic service

476
00:24:58,720 --> 00:25:04,400
to join the Armed Forces because
I wanted to make a difference.

477
00:25:04,400 --> 00:25:06,640
They stopped me working
in the military canteen

478
00:25:06,640 --> 00:25:09,480
because my father wasn't born
in the UK.

479
00:25:09,480 --> 00:25:15,000
So I joined the
Women's Auxiliary Air Force instead.

480
00:25:15,000 --> 00:25:18,840
I was one of the first black women
to join the British Armed Forces

481
00:25:18,840 --> 00:25:21,360
But the best day of my life...
GUNFIRE, BOMBS EXPLODE

482
00:25:21,360 --> 00:25:26,240
..was the day I met you, my funny,
handsome, tank driver.

483
00:25:26,240 --> 00:25:29,000
PLANES WHIR
And now we're married.

484
00:25:29,000 --> 00:25:31,640
Look! Gosh! Exactly.

485
00:25:31,640 --> 00:25:34,360
You arranged fireworks!
Not me, Hitler!

486
00:25:34,360 --> 00:25:36,880
Let's get out of here.
Happy wedding day!

487
00:25:40,080 --> 00:25:46,440
Hi, I am Sam King MBE, and I was
mayor of Southwark in the 1980s.

488
00:25:46,440 --> 00:25:48,600
I was originally from Jamaica,

489
00:25:48,600 --> 00:25:53,320
and after serving as an RAF engineer
during the Second World War,

490
00:25:53,320 --> 00:25:56,000
I decided to move to Britain
for work.

491
00:25:56,000 --> 00:26:01,000
And so in 1948, I boarded
His Majesty transport ship

492
00:26:01,000 --> 00:26:03,400
Empire Windrush.

493
00:26:03,400 --> 00:26:06,000
The Windrush brought a lot
of passengers like me

494
00:26:06,000 --> 00:26:07,680
from the West Indies.

495
00:26:07,680 --> 00:26:10,520
We'd seen adverts asking
for workers to move to Britain.

496
00:26:13,400 --> 00:26:16,560
That was one of the first of many
similar journeys

497
00:26:16,560 --> 00:26:20,600
and helped create what people call
the Windrush generation.

498
00:26:20,600 --> 00:26:25,080
But tell me! When we discovered
a stowaway on board the ship,

499
00:26:25,080 --> 00:26:27,120
what did we do? Did we...

500
00:26:36,240 --> 00:26:38,120
The answer is B.

501
00:26:40,320 --> 00:26:43,240
We held a concert on board

502
00:26:43,240 --> 00:26:45,640
and the money raised
paid for her ticket

503
00:26:45,640 --> 00:26:49,840
so she can join us in our new home
in Britain.

504
00:26:49,840 --> 00:26:54,080
We still celebrate Caribbean music
and culture to this day

505
00:26:54,080 --> 00:26:58,040
in the famous Notting Hill Carnival
every summer.

506
00:26:58,040 --> 00:27:00,640
Ha, ha, ha, ha!
You missed me that time!

507
00:27:06,520 --> 00:27:09,280
Yes, Britain wouldn't be the place
it is today

508
00:27:09,280 --> 00:27:11,360
without the extraordinary
contribution

509
00:27:11,360 --> 00:27:14,440
of the Windrush generation.
And, as we've seen,

510
00:27:14,440 --> 00:27:17,960
black people have made history here
for thousands of years.

511
00:27:17,960 --> 00:27:21,000
In fact, archaeologists
have now worked out the appearance

512
00:27:21,000 --> 00:27:23,720
of one of the earliest known
Britons.

513
00:27:23,720 --> 00:27:26,880
He's called Cheddar Man,
after the place in Somerset

514
00:27:26,880 --> 00:27:28,600
where his remains were discovered.

515
00:27:28,600 --> 00:27:33,480
And they reckon he looked like this,
with dark hair and dark skin.

516
00:27:33,480 --> 00:27:37,120
So I guess you could say
we've been here from the start.

517
00:27:37,120 --> 00:27:39,160
Thanks for watching!

518
00:27:39,160 --> 00:27:44,160
♪ Please lend me your ears
for this news I shall impart

519
00:27:44,160 --> 00:27:48,920
♪ You may not have been told
we have been here from the start

520
00:27:48,920 --> 00:27:51,360
♪ We worked in the Stone Age

521
00:27:51,360 --> 00:27:53,840
♪ Went to war with Bonaparte

522
00:27:53,840 --> 00:27:56,600
♪ Before these isles were British

523
00:27:56,600 --> 00:27:59,360
♪ Black people played their part

524
00:27:59,360 --> 00:28:01,640
♪ Cheddar Man was Mesolithic

525
00:28:01,640 --> 00:28:03,960
♪ 10,000 years from now

526
00:28:03,960 --> 00:28:06,680
♪ When the animals were terrific

527
00:28:06,680 --> 00:28:08,760
♪ You should see his giant cow

528
00:28:08,760 --> 00:28:14,400
♪ And the Roman Emperor General
and the brave Aurelian Moors

529
00:28:14,400 --> 00:28:19,680
♪ Were just a few of several
who walked upon these shores

530
00:28:19,680 --> 00:28:24,200
♪ Listen to the tales
and these words I shall impart

531
00:28:24,200 --> 00:28:26,920
♪ Before Harold lost at Hastings

532
00:28:26,920 --> 00:28:29,400
♪ Black people played their part

533
00:28:29,400 --> 00:28:34,440
♪ Queen Catherine and Henry
had a trumpeter called John

534
00:28:34,440 --> 00:28:36,920
♪ And a maid called Catalina

535
00:28:36,920 --> 00:28:39,240
♪ But from history books
they're gone!

536
00:28:39,240 --> 00:28:44,720
♪ Of naked Georgian writers
and the stars of boxing rings

537
00:28:44,720 --> 00:28:46,800
♪ To the battlefields of Europe

538
00:28:46,800 --> 00:28:49,960
♪ And the Windrush I can sing

539
00:28:49,960 --> 00:28:54,640
♪ Please lend me your ears
for this news I shall impart

540
00:28:54,640 --> 00:28:56,800
♪ Before Harold lost at Hastings

541
00:28:56,800 --> 00:29:00,040
♪ Black people played their part

542
00:29:00,040 --> 00:29:02,320
♪ These histories are just stories

543
00:29:02,320 --> 00:29:05,360
♪ There's truths for us to see

544
00:29:05,360 --> 00:29:10,440
♪ That for 10,000 British years
some Brits have looked like me

545
00:29:10,440 --> 00:29:12,560
♪ And today the future's hopeful

546
00:29:12,560 --> 00:29:15,200
♪ Rashford and Stormzy light the way

547
00:29:15,200 --> 00:29:17,160
♪ Evaristo, Blackman

548
00:29:17,160 --> 00:29:20,360
♪ Hamilton, Kaluuya
and many more names to say

549
00:29:20,360 --> 00:29:24,680
♪ Listen to the tales
There are words to fill your heart

550
00:29:24,680 --> 00:29:30,360
♪ You may not have been told
We have been here from the start

551
00:29:30,360 --> 00:29:34,920
♪ Try to map our journey
You will need a bigger chart

552
00:29:34,920 --> 00:29:37,640
♪ Before these isles were British

553
00:29:37,640 --> 00:29:40,320
♪ Black people played their part. ♪

554
00:29:42,160 --> 00:29:44,920
I graduated first class
with an instrument repairer.

555
00:29:44,920 --> 00:29:47,520
As an instrument repairer,
not with one!

556
00:29:47,520 --> 00:29:49,600
I was one of the first black women
to...

557
00:29:51,200 --> 00:29:53,640
..I can't remember the rest!
SHE SHRIEKS WITH LAUGHTER

558
00:29:53,640 --> 00:29:56,240
♪ The past is no longer a mystery

559
00:29:56,240 --> 00:30:01,200
♪ Hope you enjoyed
Horrible Histories. ♪

560
00:30:01,250 --> 00:30:05,800
Repair and Synchronization by
Easy Subtitles Synchronizer 1.0.0.0


